Name
From pilot to proven: full-scale Biological Activated Carbon (BODAC) for micropollutant removal and RO protection
Authors
Ian Martin, Nijhuis Saur Industries, UK
Wilbert Menkveld, and N.de Hart, Nijhuis Saur Industries, Netherlands
G. Veenendaal and R. van Delden, NieuWater B.V., Netherlands
Description

The removal of micropollutants and the control of biofouling are critical challenges for wastewater reuse and advanced water treatment schemes, particularly where membrane processes such as reverse osmosis (RO) are applied. This paper presents BODAC® (Biological Oxygen-Dosed Activated Carbon) as a proven, full-scale treatment solution that simultaneously addresses emerging contaminants, nutrient removal and long-term membrane protection with a low chemical and carbon footprint. BODAC® combines biologically active granular activated carbon with continuous oxygen dosing to create stable aerobic conditions that drive biological degradation, oxidation and adsorption processes. At the full-scale Emmen ultrapure water facility in the Netherlands (8,200 m³/day), BODAC® has operated continuously for over 15 years without replacement of the activated carbon or downstream RO membranes. Independent monitoring demonstrates consistent removal of 70–90% of a broad range of organic micropollutants, alongside >99% manganese removal, significant iron reduction, and effective nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The system has delivered sustained biofouling control, dramatically reduced chemical cleaning requirements, and extended RO membrane life, resulting in a substantially lower total cost of ownership and operational carbon footprint. Ongoing pilots at municipal wastewater treatment works confirm the scalability and transferability of the concept. The presentation will share long-term operational data, removal mechanisms, design principles and lessons learned, demonstrating how biological activated carbon filtration can form a robust, sustainable strategy for micropollutant control and water reuse in future wastewater systems.

Track
Micropollutants and Emerging Contaminants